Mechanism for synchronizing the operations of moving parts.



H. BocKIscH. Y MECHANISM FOR SYNCHRONIZING THE OPERATIONS 0F MOVING PARTS. APPLICATION FILED APR. 20. I9I6. RENEWED DEC. 20, |917.

1,279,639. Pa-Ientedsept. 24, 1918. 3 SHEETS-SHEET I.

mine( Q hai u: yan ms persas m,PHo1o-uma.. wAsnlNcmN, u. c.

, H. BOCKISCH.

mEcHANIsM IOR SYNCHRONIZING THE OPERATIONS 0F MOVING PARTS.

APPLICATION FILED APR.20.A19I6. RENEWED DEC. 20. 19H.

H. BOCKISCH.

MECHANISM FOR SYNCHRONlZ-ING THE OPERATIONS 0F MOVING PARTS.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 20. Isls. 'RENEWED Dsc. '20,I9I1.

, 1 ,27 9, 6 3 9 Patented Sept. 24, 1918'.

SSHEETS-SHEET 3. F7544 96 UNITE STATES 'PATENT OFFICE. i

HEINRICH BOCKISCH, OF POUGI-IKEEPSIE, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO IVI. WELTE &: SONS OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION 0F NEW YORK.

MECHANISIVI FOR SYNCI-IRONIZING THE OPRATIONS OF MOVING PARTS.

Application i'iled April 20, 1916, Serial No. 92,388.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, HniNnioH Booiirsoi-i, a subject of the Emperor of Austria-Hungary, residing at Poughkeepsie, in the county of Dutchess and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Mechanism for Synchronizing the Operations of Moving Parts, of which the following is a specification.

This invention has relation to mechanism for synchronizing the operations of moving parts. As the invention may be very desirably applied to synchronizing of a plurality of automatically operated musical instruments, respectively reproducing different parts of a musical composition, I have selected this particular application of the invention for illustration herein, and particularly have illustrated the preferred embodiment of the invention when it is to be employed as a means for synchronizing the operations of a phonograph-which for the purpose of the present invention is regarded as a species of musical instrument, although its Vuse is not restricted to the reproduction of musical compositions-and a pneumatically operable instrument of the style which utilizes a traveling perforated note sheet as the primary selecting element or record, player pianos, automatic organs, and orchestrions forming well known examples of such pneumaticallyoperable instruments. In such case, the phonograph may reproduce the solo part of a musical composition and the piano, organ, or orchestrion may reproduce the accompaniment, for example: The mechanism forming the present invention serving so to synchronize the operations of `the phonograph and piano, organ or orchestrion that the accompaniment notes will be sounded in proper relation to the solo notes. I would have it understood,` however, that this particular application of the invention is merely exemplary, as it is not my purpose in anywise to restrict the invention to the synchronizing of phonographs with other musical instruments, however important this particular application may be, because I recognize the fact that the invention may by suitable modification be applied to many different classes of machinery or apparatus, the said modification having reference princi-J pally to thc substitution for the herein illustrated primary controlling elements,7 which are peculiarly .appropriate to a phono- Specicaton of Letters Patent. Patnted Sgpt 24, 1-918 l Renewed December 20, 1917. Serial No. 208,149.

graph and a self-playing piano, organ or orchestrion, of other primary controlling elements more especially adapted for the particular class or style of machines, apparatuses or instruments which are to be synchronized. In the accompanying drawings, wherein like characters of reference denote corresponding parts in the several views:

Figure 1 is a schematic sectional representation of the preferred embodiment of my invention, illustrating, further certain elements of a phonograph and a self-playing piano, organ or the like to show its preferred application thereto. r

F ig. 2 is a detail representation showing the primary controlling valves, the electric motors for controlling the same and certain adjunctive elements, the parts being shown in the posit-ion they occupy when the circuit to the motor G has been completed and before the circuit to the motor I-I has been closed. l

Fig. 3 is a detail representation, partly diagrammatic, showing the means whereby the circuit to the motor H is closed, and also showing the secondary valves and the electric motor for controlling the air forces which operate the secondary valves, the secondary valves heilig shown in the position they assume when the conduit for regulated suction is in communication with the conduit for unregulated or stronger suction.

Fig. et is a detail representation of the chest which containsA the releasing valve and the valves which control the circuits to the secondary valve-motors I and J, these several valves being desirably arranged in a chest having appropriate chambers for the valves and a common conduit for the valve chambers. IThe circuit controlling valves are in the position they occupy when the circuit to the motor I is closed and the circuit to the motor J is open.

Fig. 5 is a detail sectional view on the line 5 5 of Fig. 4c but showing the releasing valve in open position.

Fig. 6 is a detail sectional view on the line (3*6 of Fig. 4e.

Fig. 7 is a detail sectional representation of the member which controls the releasing valve from the combined action of the primary controlling valves, showing the parts in the position they occupy when bothprimary controlling valves have beenY opened.l

A and B designate two movable or traveling parts Whose movements are to be synchronizedbyfthe present mechanism. In this particular application-ofthe invention the part A is the table of a phonograph of any approved er1-suitable kind and the part 5B is a perforated note sheet such as is commonly employedmasthe record fior playing orcontrolling rthe .playing or .player pianos, piano players, automatic organs, orchestrions and certain nther Imusical instruments. .It `is Well known 1that vin practicethe table is rotated at a regulated speed 4by a suitable mQton-,andihenceit is. not neeessaryK to illustnate or urtherrrefer herein tothe ymechanisrn for driving said table. It is also -nndersteed that-.thegnotesheet onreeord B is caueed in practice to travel at ia .regulated speed ove1 a tnaek,er Y board-t, and thatit is erioratedeandfiniitsftravel over the-,tracker oardynnensl and closes ,the mouths of ducts termed Yiinthe; latter, ,these ductsfrespectively communicating with certain pneumatics of `a player-action Whose gnature gis such that it operates Vor controls the .operation of .the seund-femittingfelements of ,the instrument.

' linie-apparent that any means. of f annovable nature which fis r@adaptedto open 'and close the :several duets, inV a :predetermined suceessionfmaybe utilized in lieuof thefper- Il'rated notesheet -Bfand hence I would have itrunderstood that fthefterm record Wherever herein used is intended to comp'nebendgany:sueli'` device or; means. :In fact, {favisllt understood @at gtliegoutset, that While .Liliane l(illu-Strated and fshall herein f describe with partieularity very advantageous; einbndiment Vof fmy #invention as well .as a particnlaryapplieation thereof, Vvit is nevertheless to the znnderstood Tthat both said parti cular enibndmentzand iapplieation are :merely f exemplany, aand .that ;the Vinvention may :be othenwise fand variously f embodied and appliedftotthefsynchronizing di many diiierent kinds 'of ;-instr uments, appar-atuses yor Inaehinesnvithout departinggrom-its spirit or .theiscopero thexsuhioined claims. llheherein; exemplified record :Biis `Wou-nd nnte :a takeup -roll. cwwhile playing fthe instrnment, iandathis 'take-,up rollderives motiolrfro-In 1a av-ind wmotor; illustrated conventionally :at r C. :As Yit l is common f in instruments :of `fthi's class to connect such motors With the take-up roll for fthe-purpose stated, andas axparticular connection tothe inotorxwith esuehzfroll is rinvno avise a Y partner my present invention, Indo not'eonsider-it essential -to :describe any :particular connec-` tion.

ilnzpraetieeitisgpreferredte so arrange-the synchronizing mechanism .that :the lspeed ofconeLJnahi-ne or instrument =vvi1lbefdireet aednzr enntrolledby ,theotherfprimarily In otherarerdspits preferred :to so arrange the partszthat :the speed 1; or onefmaehine or instrument Ywill be increased or reduced Whenever it falls behind or goes ahead oi `the other, the speed otthelatterbeing untrated mechanism exemplifies such Ian arrangement.

Moving With the table A Aand selector B respectively are What are Yherein termed primary l. controllingv elements?. These primary controlling elements control the operation 'of primary controlling valves D and The.primar-yl,controlling element associated with the ytable A and valv e `D is preferably an y:elo ngated member .1 Qof; a material which forms a good conductor,ofelectricity, which member may desirably be {fiXedly secured to the under side o1" .the table andiSnita-bly insulated therefrom. .Theprimary control.- ling element for. ,the selector B z and valve E may desirably be .anintegral p altof said: selector, the A latter being shovvn .as having a series of spaced apertures 1 1 "disposed along its longitudinal-edge. A,The`bridging,niember is preferablycorrelated with vtwoV spring' contacts 412a and 13Min .such lmanner as to bridgethe .spacebetiveen the latter, intermittently. .Theeontacts lZlland .13a.,arc connected respectively ,with tivo conductors Y lrand I13,-, one 4of which. extends ironia suitn able 4source F of electrical energy of glow voltageVand the otherfof Iwhich'extends to an .electro-magnet MG from `which a'bnsbar 1l' and return wire lihextend back to the source oi-energy. Hence ,Whenuthe contact bridging ,member .10 is engaged ,with the contacts .12a and 1B-a themagnet G vivillbe energized. .-The apertures V.11.in',the'selector B are arranged intermittently-to.open specialducts lin the-trackerlhoard b, thereby setting into operation .certain 1 intermediate mechanism Whichcloses the circuit th-rough an electro-magnet H.. Inthis-particular eX- cmpli'ication of-:the invention the duct l5 opens into -alchamber livhich is separated ZO-.eXtends .from the 4source Vof energy VvF and Vthe other of Whichl-extends :back toetllefpositive terminal V of the-.magnet H,

WllCll mngletlhas its `negativeterminal:con-

nectedgto the buszbarjlel. The-chamber 16 has `communication with the `conduit 1S through fableed :belief-16a.

The membranel isiconnected to thefstem 2210i .a Aval/ve -vvhlch is .arranged :in a

chamber .jhaving -a @port ,openin'g.. into Vbyameinbrane,1W-frein a conduitzlS'Which vin turn is `in controllable Acomm u nloation .115 Vwith a vbellows 19 Whose Vmovable board Sie the suction conduit 18 and a port 26 opening into the bellows 19. The valve 23 is arranged to cover and uncover the port 25 and hence to control communication of the suction conduit 18 with the bellows. The chamber 24 also has an atmospheric port 27 which is closed by the valve 23 when the latter is in the position in whiehthe port 25 is uncovered andis opened when said valve is in the position in which it closes the port 25.

In practice the bridging member 10 and apertures 11 are so correlated that the magnets G and H will be energized throughout the same length of time and with the same length of intervals between the periods during which they are energized. ln this eXemplification of the invention, the bridging member 10 is of arcuate form and bridges the gap between the contacts 12ga and 13a throughout approximately one-half of each revolution of the table A: and the apertures 1l are of Asuch length and are so spaced from each other that at the normal or intended speed of the selector B each opens the duct 15 for a length of time the same as that consumed by the table in making one-half of a revolution.

The primary control valves D and E are mounted in chambers 28 and 29 which have ports 30 and 31 leading to a suction conduit 32, and said valves among other purposes serve to control communication of the said chambers with said suction conduit. These chambers 28 and 29 are also, preferably, provided with portsV 3()EL and 31a, through which they respectively may have communication with chambers 30b and 31b which are open to the atmosphere, as shown. In such case, the valves D and F are respectively arranged to close the ports 30L and 31L when they have been moved to open the ports 30 and 31, and to open said portsu()iL and 31a when they have been moved to close the ports 30 and 31. The ports 30a and 31a may, as shown in Fig. 1, be providedwith plugs 30c and 31c having openings of slightly larger diameter than the valve stems Z and e which pass therethrough: or these plugs may be omitted as shown in Fig. 2. In either event, the chambers 28 and 29 and the several chambers (hereinafter described) having communicat-ion therewith will be under suction when the valves D and E are moved to open communication of said chambers with the conduit 32 and this suction will be more or less quickly replaced by air at atmospheric pressure--aocording to the sizes of the openings between the chambers 28 and 30b and chambers 29 and 31b-when the valves D, E have been'moved to uncover said openings and close the ports 30 and 31. y

' The wind motor C hereinbefore referred to is suitably connected, as by a duct 33a for example, with a channel 33, the pressure in which is variably controlled through mechanisms which are, respectively, in turn controlled by the valves D and E, said mechanisms including parts which have communication with the chambers 28 and 29, and being of a nature such that they assure the utmost accuracy and certainty in the synchronization of the moving parts.

It may be here mentioned that, in the present eXemplitication of the invention, the valvesD and E open at the same instant and close at the same instant when the parts are moving in proper synchronism. At this time, the wind motor is under weak or regulated suction, from a suitable source having communication with the channel 33 through a duct 33h. This may be referred to as a normal condition. lVhen, however, the valve D is opened before the valve E, the speed of the wind motors should be increased and this increase is brought about in the present eXempliication of the invention by opening communication of the channel 33 with a. suitable source of `strong or unregulated suction through a. duct 34 which has controllable communication with such source. On the other hand, when the valve E is opened before the valve D the speed of the wind motor should be decreased, and this is effected in the herein exemplified form of the invention by opening the channel 33 to the atmosphere through a port 35, which has controllable communication with the atmosphere. In this exemplication of the invention the duct 34 extends from a chamber 36 having a port 37 leading to the suction conduit 18 which contains unregulated strong suctional force, and said chamber 36 has a secondary controlling valve 38 which is operated automatically, by means hereinafter set forth, to open said port and consequently bring about a further attentiation of the air in the channel 33. ln order that the opening through the duct 34 may be variably regulated. prefer to provide it with an adjustable restricting device, which device may consist of a stem 39 threaded into a block 40 and extending` into the duct 34.

The means herein exemplied for opening the port 35 to the atmosphere, includes a valve41 arranged in a channel 42 having an atmospheric duct 43, the `said valve being carried by a membrane 44 and normally pressed to close the port by a spring 45. The atmospheric duct 43 may be provided with a regulating device, as screw *alvc 41", for example. The membrane 44 separates the chamber 42 from a second chamber, 46, which is connected to a duct 47 leading from a chamber 48. This chamber 48 has a port 49 through which it may communicate with the suction conduit 18 and also has a port 50 through which it `may have connnunication with the'atmosphere. `A secondary controlling valve 51 is mounted in this chamber with a duct 59. The mouths of these ductsV are opened and closed severally by valves 60 and 61, carried or formed by, the armatures of electro-magnets I and J, respectively. Hence when the magnet I is energized it` will attract its armature and. open the duct 58 to the atmosphere, whereupon the membrane 54 will. be moved to move the valve38 and uncover the port 37. Similarly when the magnet J is energized it will attractits armature andopen-the duct 59,. thus admitting atmospheric air to the chamber' 57 and causing the valve 51 to move and open the port 49. The chambers 56 and 57 are connected with. the suction conduit 18 by bleed holes 56a and 5 7L so that the valves 38 andA 51 are promptly returned to their former positions when the magnets I and `J are de'e'nergized. In order to provide guidance for the stem 52 and at the same timeY prevent any leakage around the stem which would reduce thesuction in conduit 33 when valve 38 is closed` said stem 52 extends through a guidingfmember 52a,the opening in which is covered by a flexible airtight pulpette or apron 52b of approximately inverted cup-shape, whose edge is secured in an airtight manner to said member, the pulpette being also connected, at its center,in an air tight manner, to a nut 52c which moves with the stem 52, and being adapted to move with the stem without destroying its function of preventing. leakage around. the stem. The energizing of. thesey magnets Iva-nd J is controlled from. the primary controlling valves D and E, respectively, the following instrumentalities being exemplified for this purpose, to wit Y 4 The valve D has its stern al connected at its opposite ends to membranes 62 and 63 and the valve E similarly, has opposite ends of its stem e connected toy membranes 64 and 65. The membrane 62 separates the suction conduit 32 from a chamber 66 and the membrane 64 separates the suction conduit 32 from a chamber 67. Ducts 68 and 69 enter these chambers 66. and 67, respectively, and have their mouths arranged to be covered and uncovered byy armatures g andV It ofthe magnets. G and H, respectively,.or by valves carried by saidy armatures. When. the magnets. are energized.V they attract their armatures and. thus open the respective. ducts 68 and 69 tctheatmosphere sothatv air at atmospheric' pressure enters the chambers 66 and; 67 respectively, whereupon the valves and E are moved to uncoverv the ports 30 through channels 72 and 73.' Hence when the lchambers 28 and 29 are under suction the lchambers 70 and 71 similarly will be under suction, whereby the valves D and E will be locked or maintained effectively in open position. The chambers 70 and 71 have atmospheric portsA 72a and 7 3a. These ports are closed and opened by spring pressed valvesV 74 and 7 5 carried by membranes 76 and 77 which are mounted in chambers 78 and 79 having atmospheric ports 80 and81 on the valve sides of the membranes. 'On' the opposite Ysides of said membranes are ducts 84 and 85 extending from a chamber 126 which contains a releasing valve 130 hereinafter set forth.

K andV L Ydesignate two valve units orV members which respectively are interposed inthe connections betweenthe primary controlling valve chambers V28 and 29 and control the energizing andV denergizing of the magnets I and .J Y through intermediatemechanism hereinafter described, the said members orpunits Krand L being in turn controlled from the primary controlling valves D and E and releasing valve 130 with whose chambers theyare connected.

Referring to thesemembers K and L, it will be noted thatthe member. K has a duct 86 which eXtends from the chamber 28 and enters a chamber 87 having a membrane 88 which separates theV chamber 87 from an atmosphericA channel 89, and also has two chambers 90 and 91 connected with the channel 89 by ports 92 and 93, respectively. The port 92 hasV one of its walls pierced by one end of a channel 94 whose. other end enters the' chamber 91.. The member K also has a chamber 95 providedV with a duct 96 which leads to the chamber 126 of the releasing valve 130. The port is tapped by a duct 97 which leadsV to a chamber 157 for a purpose hereinafter particularly set forth. The chamber 95 isA separated from the atmospheric channel 89 by a membrane 98. rI`he membranes 88 and 98 areV connected respectively to valve stems 99 and 100. The stem two valves, marked 103 and 104, so arranged thereon that in one position of the stem the port 93 Will be open to the chamber 91 and closed to the channel 89 and in the other position ot the stem said port 93 will be closed to the chamber 91 and opened to the channel 89.

Prefeably the stems 99 and 100 are connected to springs 99a and 100iL for pressing them into the positions in Which the valves 102 and 104 close the ports 92 and 93 against entrance of atmospheric air from the channel 89. The chamber 90 is connected by a duct 105 with the chamber 29 containing the valve E.

rEhe corresponding unit or member, L, is of construction similar to that of the member or unit K and need not be particularly described. lts parts are numbered as folloWs1-106, atmospheric channel: 107 and 108, chambers separated from the atmospheric channel by membranes 109 and 110: 111 and 112, other chambers, separated from the atmospheric channel 106 by ports 113 and 114: 115, channel leading from port 113 to chamber 112: 116, valve stem having valves 117 and 118 and pressed by spring 116e: 119, stem carrying valves 120 and 121 and pressed by a spring 1191. It. will be noted that the chamber 107, which corresponds to the chamber 87 of the unit K, is connected with the chamber' 29 by a duct 122 and that the chamber 111, which corresponds to the chamber 90 of the unit K, is connected With the chamber 28 by a duct 123. 1t Will also be noted that the chamber 108, Which corresponds to the chamber 95 of the unit K, is connected byv a duct 124 With the releasing valve chamber 126 to which the duct 96 leading from said chainber 95 is connected, and further it will be noted that the port 114, which corresponds to the port 93 of the unit or member K, is connected through a duct 125 with a chamber 158 corresponding to the chaml er 157 to which the port 97 is connected.

The chamber-126 ot the releasing valve 130 has a port .127 through which it has communication With a suction conduit 128 and also has a port 129 through Which it has communication With the atmosphere. lts valve 130 is movable to open these ports alternately. This valve is provided with a stem 131 Whose opposite endg are attached to membranes 132 and 133. The membrane 132 separates the suction conduit 128 from a chamber 134 which chamber has communication with the suction conduit through a bleed hole 135. rlhe membrane 133 is arranged in a chamber 136 which has communication with the chamber 126 through a passage 137.

r1he chamber 134'is provided With a duct 138 which' extends from a port 139. Arranged in operative relation With said port is a valve 140 which controls the operation ot the releasing valve 130 and, in turn, is controlled by the primary controlling Valves D and E. The valve 140 has a Stem 141 which is connected to a membrane 142 and a spring 143. The tendency of the spring is to cause the valve 140 to close the port 139. This valve is mounted in a chamber 144 having a port 145 connected by a duct 145a With a bleed hole 145b entering the suction conduit 128. The chamber 14-4 also has communication With a channel 146 Whose mouth is closed by a valve 147 which valve is carried by a membrane 148 and is pressed to its seat over the mouth of the channel by a spring 149. This channel 146 conducts atmospheric air to the chamber 144, the said air entering through a duct 150 into a chamber 151 between the membrane 148 and channel 146. The valve 140 alternately closes the ports 139 and 145. The membrane 142, to Which the stein of the valve 140 is secured, is arranged between tWo chambers, marked 152 and 153 respectively, the former of which contains air at atmospheric pressure and the other of Which is connected With the chamber 29 (containing the primary controlling valve E) by a duct 154. The membrane 148 similarly separates the atmospheric chamber 151 from a chamber 155 and the said chamber 155 is connected with the chamber 28 (containing the primary controlling valve D) by a duct 156. The stem 141 extends'through a guiding element 141a having a leak proof pulpette 141" around the stem, such as hereinbefore described.

Reference has heretofore been made to the fact that the duct 97 leading from the port 93 of the unit or member K extends to a chamber 157 and that the corresponding duct 125 of the unit or member L extends to a chamber 158. These chambers 157 and- Y160 and the said membranes are connected to the stems 161 and 162 of the valves 163 and 164. These valves are mounted in chambers 165 and 166. The chamber 165 has a port 167 through which it may have communication with the suction conduit 128 and also has a port 168 through which it may have communication With the atmosphere, and the valve 163 is arranged to close these ports alternately. Similarly the chamber 166 has a port 169 through which it may have communication with said suction conduit 128 and a port 170 through Which it may have communication with the atmosphere and these ports are closed alternately by the valve 164. Moreover, these-chambers have passages 171 and 172 Which extend to pneumatics 173 and 174 respectively. The movable boards of these pneumatics carry elements 175 and 176 arranged to bridge gaps, indicated at 177 and 178, between contact elements 181, 182 and 184, 185 of an Velectrical circuit and said members 17 5 and 176 are of a nature such that they Will conduct the current from one contact element to the'other. The circuit just referred to includes a bus bar 179 to one end of Which a Wire 180 extends from the positive pole of the source'of electrical energy F. To this bus bar is connected the Contact element 181 operatively associated with which is a second contact element 182, these tWo contact elements being spaced as indicated at 177. From the contact element 182 a Wire 183 extends to the terminal 183a of Vthe Velectromagnet J. The contact element 184 also is connected tothe bus bar 17 9` and from its end is spaced, as indicated at 178, the Contact element 185 from which a Wire 186 extends to the terminal 186,a of the electro-magnet I. Other-terminals of these'electro-magnets 1 and J are connected to a bus bar 187 from YWhicha Wire-188'lea-ds tothe bus bar 14, the

latterbeing connected -With the negative terminal of the source of electrical energy by the vv-ire'14il hereinbefore referred to. Accordingly it will be. seen that When the pneu- -matic 17 8 is collapsed the circuit is closed through the electro-magnet J and when the Apneumatic 174 Ais collapsed the circuitl is closed through the electro-magnet I.

Extending from the chamber 136 of the releasing valve mechanisinis an atmospheric duct 189.! yhis duct is opened and closed by a pneumaticv 190 Whose movable' board is lprovided with a valve 191.V This pneumatic is controlled'by an electro-magnet M whose operation, in turn,` is *controlled by the prima-ry valves D and E.. The armature 192 othe'magnet M isv arranged to close anatmosp'heric duct k194 when theV armature is in one position and toopen Vsaid atmospheric VVduct when the armature is in the other position-that is toV say to close the duct When `the magnet is dener-gized and to open the duct when the magnet is energized. rlhis ductV opensVY into a* chamber 195Y which is Vseparated Yby-aA membrane 196. from aV suc- -tion conduit 197 The suction conduit 197 hasfa passage'198 Whichleads to the atmosphere and apassage 1982* which extends to the'interior of the pneumatic 190. The

Y membrane 196 is connected to stem 199 4vvhichcarries two' valves-marked Y200 and 201'respen ztively.-y Y.These valvesV are so ar- Y `ranged that 4the Vpassage 198 is in communica- Ation either vvith the suction conduit V197. or. vwith ,theatmosphere according to fivhether V V'the chamber 195 is open to the atmosphere 4or closed againstfthe atmosphere. In yother avordafivhen the magnet M isenergized and the duct 194 isithus opened tothe atmosphei'e Vthe 'membrane 1-96 V'is moved "to cause thef valve 200 toV cu't o"communicaticnbetvveenthe suction conduit' -197 and the 'pas-- .sage 199'and the valve 201 is moved to openV lthe' Vpassage 199 tothe atmosphere. f ThisV p' terasse results in the expansion of' the pneumatic Dand E, as already stated, as rollo-Ws: The

chambers 28 and 29 containing these valves are provided -With channels 202 and 208 which respectively lead to the interior of Y pneumatics 204 and 205. These pneumatics Yare rovidedl With members 206 and207 Whic are arranged to bridge gaps, indicated at 208 and 209, in a conducting Wire 210 which extends from the positive terminal oi the source `of electrical energy F to the positive terminal 210L ofthe magnet'M. From the negative terminal 2112L of this magnet M a .vire 211 extends back to the negative terminal of the source of electrical energyF.

1t will be seen that in the operation of' the 'mechanism the magnets G and H areV intermittently energized, the energizing of the magnet G being brought about by the closing of the circuiti through the Wires 12, 13, bus 'bar 14 Yand WirelelV when the elcment 10 bridges the gap between the contacts 12"L .and 18a, and the energizing or" the mag- 'net El being brought about by the supply oi' atmospheric-air to the chamber V16, which occurs Wheneiver the'duct 15 is opened to the atmosphere and which results in the opening of the port 25-and the consequent opening of the way tothe bellows 19 from the suction Y channel 18, this in turn resulting in the collapsing or said bellows and the closing of the circuit thereby through the contacts 20a, 21, Wires 20, 21, magnet H, bus bar 14 and Wire 14a.

When the magnet G is energized, atmospheric air is admitted to the chamber 66 and 'the primary controlling valve D is thusV caused to uncover the port 80 andcover the atmospheric portV 30a, whereupon the chamber. 28 is Yput under suction fromthe chan- YYnel 82. Similarly, When the magnet H is energized,V atmospheric air is admitted to he chamber 6.7 and theprimaryV controlling val-ve E is moved to uncover the port 31 and cover the Yport 81a, so that the chamber 29 -isunder suction from said channel 32. As Y already stated Wh'en both valves D and-E open simultaneously the tivo instruments Vare: Working in. synchronism Yand VYno g change VVinthe relativespfeed should'talre place.. t

Valso has; been' previouslyV stated herein that `when. the valve D yopens first the speedof the' wind motor C is increased and when valve E opens rst the speed of the wind motor is reduced, by subjecting the regulated wind channel 33 to strengthened suctional impulses or to weakened suctional impulses, so to speak, until the record B and table A are traveling at their synchronized speed. There are several things however, which have been considered in the production of the herein disclosed mechanism for the purpose here in view. Among other things it should be noted that if the record B is traveling faster than the table A its synchronizing aperture 11 will have passed the tracker board while the bridging element 10 is still in engagement with the contacts 12a and 13f1 and consequently while the port 30 is still open. `On the other hand, when a. synchronizing aperture 11 comes into registration with the duct 15 after the bridging element 10 has engaged the contacts 12a and 13a, it will be in registration with said duct after said contact bridging element 10 has passed out ot engagement with said contacts and consequently the port 31 will be open when the port 30 has been closed. The synchronizing mechanism accordingly is so constructed that it is influenced only by the beginning` of the aperture 11 and the beginning o? the contact. Tracing the operation in detail it will be found to be as follows:

Assuming now that the circuit through the magnet G has been closed before the circuit through the magnet H: the valve D is raised and the chamber 28 is placed under suction. This suction is communicated to the chamber 7 0 so that the membrane 63 connected to the stem Z of the valve D is under suction from said chamber, thus locking the valve in its open position. At the same time the chamber 87 in the unit or member K is placed under suction, which acting upon the membrane 88 moves the valves 101 and 102 to open communication of the channel 94 with the atmospheric conduit 89. Air at atmospheric pressure accordingly flows from the channel 89 into the chamber 91 and thence through port 93 and duct 97 thereby subjecting the side of the membrane 159 which is in the chamber 157 to atmospheric pressure. The valve 163 is now held in the position in which it closes the suction port 167 and opens the atmospheric port. The chamber 165 being now under atmospheric pressure, which is communicated tothe bellows 173 through the channel 171, the circuit to the magnet J is interrupted. This is a preparatory function.

At the same time the chamber 155 of the section or member which controls the releasing valve 130 is placed under suction from the chamber 28fthrough the duct 156, which acting upon the membrane 148 in ysaid chamber opens the valve 147 carried by the membrane and allows atmospheric air tovcnter the chamber 144 which contains the secondary control valve 140 for releasing valve 130. This atmospheric air replaces the suction which this chamber was formerly subjected to through the bleed duct 145a and bleed hole 145b from the conduit 128. This also isa preparatory function.

At the same time, the chamber 158 is placed under suction from the chamber 28 as the way is open through the duct 123, chamA ber 111, port 113, channel 115, chamber 112, port 114, and duct 125. The chamber 158 at the upper side of the membrane 160 being under suction while atmospheric pressure is exerted against the lower side of said membrane, it follows that the valve 164 will be raised. This results in the uncovering of the suctional port 169 and the opening of the way to the bellows 174 from the suction conduit 128, through the chamber 166 and channel 172, the atmospheric port 170 to the chamber 166 being closed at the same time. The bellows 174 hence is collapsed and its contact bridging member 176 is brought into engagement with the contacts 184 and 185, which closes the circuit to the magnet I. This magnet being now energized, attracts its armature 60 and opens the duct 58 to the atmosphere. Air at atmospheric pressure now enters the chamber 56, causing the secondary valve 38 to uncover the port 37, whereupon the suction conduit 18 is in communication with the suction conduit 33 through port 37, chamber 36 and duct 34. This is the effective function causing the wind motor to run faster.

At the same time, the bellows 204 is placed under suction from the chamber 28 through the channel 202. This bellows, being collapsed, interrupts the circuit through the wire 210 by moving contact bridging element 206, which bridged the space 208 in said wire, and hence the magnet M is deenergized. This denergizing of the magnet M acts through its armature 192 to close the duct 194. The membrane 196 at this time is in a position wherein the valve 201 closes the channel 198 against the atmosphere and the valve 200 opens said channel to suction from the suction conduit 19T. The bellows 190 accordingly is under suction and the -valve 191 carried by said bellows closes the duct 189.

Recapitulating, we lind the parts in the following condition: the valve D is raised and locked: membrane chamber 157 is being supplied with air at atmospheric pressure and the valve 163 cannot be raised: valve chamber 144 is in communication with the atmosphere but its port 139 is closed by the valve 140 against the passage of this air: the wind motor conduit 33 has been supplied suddenly with more suction by the opening of the valve 38: magnet M has been denergized and in consequence duct 189 has been closed against the atmosphere. This is the condition of the synchronizing mechanism before the synchronizing aperture 11i of the iii-usic roll opens the duct 15. Now when the synchronizing A aperture 11 is` in registra-tion with the duct 15 the following` occurs;

Air at ,atmospheric pressure enters the chamber 16 through the duct 15, whereupon the valve V23 is moved to uncover the suction port 25 and close the atmospheric port 27, and the bellows 19 is collapsed. This Vcauses the closing-of the circuit through the magnet H and this in turn opens chamber 67 tothe atmosphere and causes the valve E to uncover the port 31 and cover the port 31a, whereupon the chamber 29 is put under suction from the conduit 32. From this chamber 29 the following chambers are placed under suction, to wit: chamber 71 through channel 73, chamber 107 through duct 122, chamber V90 through duct 105 and chamber 153` through duct 154C the eects of which are as `follows:

.The chamber 107 being now under suction, membrane 106 and valve stem 116 will be raised, thus causing the valves118 and 1,17 respectively to close the passage 115 Vagainst Vthe suction from the chamber 111 and open it tothe atmospheric conduit106.

`Atmospheric airnow passes `from conduit 106, through port V113, passage 115, chamber 112, port 11a, andY duct 125 and into the chamber 158.` This atmospheric air, replacing the suction which was formerly in said chamber 158, causes the valve 16-1 to Vmove and close the suction port 169 Vand open the atmosphericY port 170,. Chamber 166 now ycontains air at atmospheric pressure and this flows to the bellows 174 through the passage 172.V This bellows accordingly is eX- fpanded thus interrupting the circuit through the magnet I whereupon the valve 38 is Vmoved to close the suction port 37 and the ysupply o1"- additional suction to conduit 33 VVimmediately ceases. Y

' tion causes the secondary Vrelease-control valve 140 to be moved and uncover the port 139 so that the` atmospheric air in the chamber 144 V(it will be remembered that channel 146 was opened to fthe latmosphere when the valve VD wasmoved to uncover tlieport 30) may flow through'the duct 138 to the chambei 134.]:See Fig. 7. VConsequently the re- Vleasevalve 130 will be moved to'uncover the Y port 127 thereby opening the chamber 126 to the"Y suction conduit-12,8., The valve 130 Y jwill`beinainta'ined in` this position yby the suction communicated to the chamber 136 by ducts 8a and4 85, respectively,

vmov-ed to open the chamber? 28 to the suction conduit 32. i

The valve E being inthe position in which it opens the port 31 so that the chamber 29 is under suction, the bellows 205 is collapsed, thus further interrupting the already interrupted circuit to the magnet M.

Recapitulating these functions resulting directly from the opening of the port 31 by the movement of the valve E we find (l) 1 the supply of additional suction to the wind Vmotor conduit 33 through the duct 34C,

ceased; (2) the release valve 130V was moved to place its chamber 126 under suction, and (3) an additional break or interruption was introduced into the circuit to the magnet M.

Now, as'tlie chamber 126 is connected with the chambers 95 vand 108 of the unit-s or members K and L by ducts 96 and 124 respectively, and with the chambers 78 and 79 the following results will be noted:

(v1) The chamber 95 is placed under suction through duct 96 and the valves 103 and V104i accordingly arecaused yto move to close the communication between the channel 94:' fand the duct 97 and to open communication between the atmospheric conduit 89 Vand the duct 97. Accordingly air at atmospheric vpressurenow enters the chamber 157 from the chamber 89 directly by way of the port 93 and ,duct 97, instead of by way of the Vport 92, channel 94C, chamber 91, port 93 and duct 97 This is an eiective precautionary 'valves y101i and 102 'are held in position to cut 0E communication of suction chamber 90 'with the channel vdel under control of theY suction enteringl the chamber 87 from the chamber 28 whenA the valve Dis raised, andv Yiunction, it being A'remembered that the as said valveis raised before the valve E it may fall before said valve E andY in such f Ycase valves 101 and V102 also may Vfall and' allow suctional force to enter the chamber 157 while the valve E is raised, unless the way is closed. Hence by closino' the way to suction and opening it to atmosphere the after ends Vof the contacts and aperturesv l1 Y are neutral and onlyV thebegiiinings area-n voperation 'and' the operation of the mecha-VV `nisml is not disarranged bythe elosingof'the valve D. Y

the Vvalves 120 and 121`are moved to cut oit V(2) Thechamber 108 being under 'suctionVV i cautionary function analogous to that just described.

(3) The chambers .78 and 79 being under suction through the ducts Se and 85, the membrane valves 7 l and 7 5 are raised and atmospheric air is permitted to enter the chambers 7 0 and 71 through the ports 7 2 and 7 1t will now be noted that among other things the suctional force locking the valves D and l has been released, the releasing valve 130 having placed several chambers in condition, as to air pressures, which assure the return of the valves when chambers 66 and 67 are cut Off from communication with the atmosphere and that this occurred as soon as the primary controlling valve last opened, E in this instance, was opened. Care should be taken that said releasing valve 130 be also in condition as to pressures that it may be closed when and only when both the magnets G and H are denergized, thereby restoring all the parts to the condition wherein they are ready for repetition of the foregoing operations. This is assured by the opening of the duct 189 to the atmosphere. lt will be remembered that this duct, which leads to the chamber 136 having membrane 133 connected to the stem of the valve 130, is eut off from the atmosphere when the bellows 190 is collapsed and that this bellows is collapsed when the magnet M de'energized and that the magnet M is deenergized w ien either bellows Q01 or 205 is collapsed. ln consequence it will follow that it is only when both bellows 201 and 205 are expanded, (it will be remembered that both are collapsed when both magnets G and H are energized) that the circuit to the magnet lvl is closet. The closing of the circuit through the magnet M results in the opening ott1 e Vchamber 195 to the atmosphere which n turn causes the valves 200 and 201 to fall, thereby opening channel 198 to the atmosphere and permitting air at atmospheric pressure to enter the bellows 190 and expand the latter, thus opening the duct 189 and through said duct 189 communicating atmospheric pressure to the membrane This causes the valve 130 promptly to return to the position in which it cuts off communication between the chamber 126 ar.. the suction conduit 128 and opens com nnuiication between said chamber and the atmosphere through the port 1:29.

'llie parte are now in their original positions and if the wind motor is still lagging behind, the operations hereinbefore recited are repeated and they are repeated at very short intervals. determined by the speed of the table A, until the table A and record B are traveling in synchronism with each other.

If the record B is traveling faster than the table A, then the operations hereinbefore recited will be reversed: c. magnet H will be energized first, valve E will be raised first, membrane 159 will be subjected to suction before the membrane 1GO, the valve 163 will' be raised before the valve 161, the circuit through the magnet J will be closed before the circuit through the magnet l, and the suction conduit 33 hence will be opened to the atmosphere thereby slowing down the motor. rThe valve E is now slowing the speed of the motor and preparing the parts for the functions of the valve D as will he understood.

When the circuit through both magnets G and H are closed at the same moment and the table i and motor C are working in synchronism the speed of neither should be changed, and they are not changed as will now be seen.

Magnets G and H being energized at the same moment, the valves D and E rising exactly at the same time, suction is communicated simultaneously to membrane chambers S7 and 107 locking the passageways to membrane chambers 157 and 15S. In Consequence neither magnet I nor J can be energized as contact bellows 173 and 174 will not be influenced and neither valve '38 nor valve 51 will influence air conduit 33.

It of course will be understood that the records are prepared with reference to each other and when one of the records is a phonograph record it should have means of some appropriate nature for indicating or determining the position in which it is laid upon the phonograph table. Again it will be unde stood that both instruments should be started at the same time and at the same speed. Then one of the instruments to be synchronized is a phonograph it will be desirable, though not essential, to provide means whereby the table will be started at the full speed or will quickly attain such full speed. For the latter purpose it may be'given an additional starting impulse by hand or by mechanism, which ever is preferred.

lVhile I have herein illustrated and described the invention as embodied to utilize air at atmospheric and less than atmospheric pressures, it will be understood that it will not be a departure from the spirit of the invention as defined by the appended claims to utilize air at other relatively different pressures, as at atmospheric pressure and above atmospheric pressure, for example.

Having now described the invention and set forth in detail the preferred embodiment and application thereof, what I believe to be new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. Mechanism for synchronizing the operations of moving parts, comprising, in combination, a motor for one of said part-s, a plurality of primary controlling valves,

and means between the valves and motor for increasing or decreasing the speed oi" the latter according to which of said valves is opened first, including connections whereby either valve when opened rst performs its function of increasing or decreasing the speed of the motor and either valve when opened second causes the eect oi'the opening of the first opened valve upon the motor to cease.

2. Mechanism for synchronizing the operations of moving parts, comprising, in combination, a motor for one of said parts, a plurality of primary controlling` valves respectively controlled by the parts to be synchronized, and Vconnections between the primary valves and said motor, said connections including movable elements for the primary valves respectively and means whereby the movement of either oi" the primary valves when opened first moves the corresponding element in one direction to affect the speed of the motor and the movement of the other primary valve moves said element in the other direction to terminate such effect.

3. Mechanism for synchronizing the operations of moving parts, comprising, in combination, a vmotor for one of said parts, a plurality of primary controlling valves, a plurality of secondary controlling valves, connections between the secondary valves and the motor, and operative connections betweenthe primary valves and the secondary valves, the latter connections including means whereby the opening or" either primary valve causes the corresponding secondary valve to become operative with respect tothe motor and maintains the other of said valves in position in which it is inoperative with respect to the motor.

et. Mechanism for synchronizing the operations of moving parts, comprising, in combination, a motor for one of said parts,

U primary controlling valves, secondary controlling valves, connections between the secondary valves and the motor, and operative connections between the primary valves and the secondary valves, respectively, the latter connections including means whereby said secondary valves will be actuated respectively to increase or decrease the speed of the motor, according to which 03: the primary controlling' valves is opened first, and the opening of either primary controlling valve will maintain the non-actuated secondary valve in position in which it is inoperative upon the motor and will also cause the effect of the opening of the first opened primary valve upon its secondary valve to cease when the other of the primary controlling plurality of Aprimary controllingV valves, means tor periodically opening said valves from the moving parts, a plurality of secondary controlling valves, connections between the primary valves and the secondary valves respectively and between Ithe secondaryvalves and the motor whereby the speed of the motor is vincreased when one or the primary i valves is opened first and decreased when the other primary valve is opened iii-st, the connections between the primary valves and the secondary valves including means whereby when either of the primary valves is opened it opens the corresponding secondary valve and when the other oi' said primary valves is opened it closes said secondary valve.

6. Mechanism for synchronizing the operations of moving parts, comprising, in combination, a motor or one of said parts, a plurality of primary controlling valves, means for periodically opening said valves from the moving parts, a plurality of secondary controlling valves, connections between the primary valves and the secondary valves respectively and between the secondary valves and the motor whereby the speed of the motor is increased when one of the primary valves is opened iirst and decreased when the other primary valve is opened iirst, the connections between the primary .valves and the secondary valves including means whereby when either of the primary valves is opened it opens the corresponding secondary valve and when the other of said primary valves is opened it closes said secondary valve, and said connections further including meansffor maintaining the other of said secondary valves closed until its corresponding primary valve is opened irst.

7. Mechanism for synchronizing the operations of moving` parts, comprising, in combination, a pneumatic motorV for one of the parts to be controlled, a plurality of primary controlling valves periodically actuated under the influence of the parts to be controlled, a plurality of secondary controlling va'lves the movement ci one of which increases the speed of the motor and the movement of the other decreases the speed of the motor, a plurality ot actuating mechanisms for said secondary valves, inter-mediate controlling valves for said actuating mechanisms a'nd means for opening one of the intermediate controlling valves when one of the primary controlling valves is opened and for closing the said intermediate controlling valve when the other of said primary valves is opened.

8. Mechanism for synchronizing the operations of moving parts, comprising, in combination, a plurality of primary controlling valves, chambers in which said valves operate and locking means for the valves, said locking means including memiis branes operable to hold said valves in open position, chambers by which said membranes are covered and means for establishing communication between the valve chambers and the membrane chambers.

9. Mechanism for synchronizing the operations of mov-ing parts, comprising, in combination, a motor for one of said parts, a pair of primary controlling valves, means for opening the primary controlling valves severally under control of said moving parts respectively, means between the primary controlling valves and the motor for increasing or decreasing the eileetive strength of the forces exerted upon the motor according to whether the one or the other of said valves is opened rst, means for locking the valves in open position, and means whereby both valves are released. under control of the valve last opened.

10. Mechanism for sychronizing the operations of moving parts, comprising, in combination, a motor for one of said parts, a pair of primary controlling valves, means for opening the primary controlling valves severally under control of said moving parts respectively, means between the primary controlling valves and the motor for increasing or decreasing the effective strength of the forces exerted upon the motor according to whether the one or the other oi' said valves is opened first, means including a releasing valve for locking the primary valves in open position, and means whereby the releasing valve is operated under control of the primary valve last opened.

l1. Mechanism i'or synchronizing the operations of moving parts, comprising, in combination, a motor for one of saidv parts, a pair of primary controlling valves, means for opening the primary controlling valves severally under control of said moving parts respectively, means between the primary -controlling valves and the motor for increasing or decreasingcthe effective strength of the forces exerted upon the motor, according to whether the one or the other of nsaid valves is opened first, means for locking the valves in open position, and means including a releasing valve, whereby both primary controlling valves are released under control of the one last opened, means Jfor locking the releasing valve,`and means controlled by the primary controlling valves for releasing the releasing valve.

l2. Mechanism for synchronizing the operations or" moving parts, comprising, in combination, a motor Jfor one of said parts, a pair of primary controlling valves, means for opening the primary controlling valves severally under control of said moving parts respectively, means between the primary controlling valves and the motor for increasing or decreasing the eective strength of the forces exerted upon the motor, means for locking the valves in open position, a releasing valve, connections between the releasing valve and the locking means, the said connections being controlled by the releasing valve, and means whereby the releasing valve is actuated under control of the primary controlling valves.

13. Mechanism for synchronizing the operations of moving parts, comprising, in combination, a motor for one of said parts, a pair of primary controlling valves, means for opening the primary controlling valves severally under `control of said moving parts respectively, means between the primary controlling valves and the motor for increasing or decreasing the eliective strength of the Jforces exerted upon the motor, means for locking the valves in open position, a releasing valve, connections between the releasing valve and the locking means, and connections between the releasing valve and lthe primary controlling valves, the last named connections including a member which is operated to open the releasing valve when both primary controlling valves have been opened.

14,-. Mechanism for synchronizing the op erations of moving parts, comprising, in combination, a plurality of primary controlling valves, means controlled by the moving parts for opening said valves respectively, means for locking the primary controlling valves in open position, a releasing valve, connections between the releasing valve and the locking means, and connections between the releasing valve and the primary controlling valves, including a member having connection with the releasing valve and separate connections to the prima-ry controlling valves and which inember closes the connections to the releasing valve when only one of the primary controlling valves is open and is operated to open said connections to the releasing valve when both of the primary controlling valves are open.

l5. Mechanism for synchronizing the operations of moving parts,comprising, in combination, a plurality of primary controlling valves, means controlled by the moving parts for ope-ning said valves re spectively, means ior lockino' the primary controlling valves in open position, a releasing valve, connections between the releasing valve and the locking means, and connections between the releasing valve and the primary controlling valves, including a member having connection with the releasing valve and separate connections to the primary controlling valves and which member closes the connection to the releasing valve when only one of the primary con" trolling valves is open and is operated to open said connection to the releasing valve when both of the primary controlling valves areopen, means for locking the releasing valve in open position, and means for releasing the last named locking means, including connections controlled by the primary valves, the last named connections being interrupted when either primary valve is open and operatively established when both are closed,

16. Mechanism for synchronizing the operations of moving parts, comprising, in combination, a plurality of primary controlling valves, means controlled by the moving parts for opening said valves respectively, means for locking the primary controlling valves in open position, a releasing valve, connections between the releasing valve and the locking means, and connections between the primary controlling valves and the releasing valve, the latter connections including a valve, means whereby the opening of one primary controlling valve admits fluid to one side of the valve of the connection and means whereby the opening of the other primary controlling valve opens the valve of the connection and permits said fluid to pass to actuate the releasing valve. Y Y

17. Mechanism for synchronizing the operations of moving parts, comprising, in combination, a plurality of primary controlling valves, means controlled by the moving parts for opening said valves respectively, means for locking the primary controlling valves in open position, a releasing valve, connections between the releasing valve and the locking means, and connections between the primary controlling valves and the releasing valve, the latter connections including a valved duct, connections whereby the valve of said duct iscontrolled by one primary controlling valve, means through which fluid is admitted to the duct when its valve is opened, a second duct, a valve between said ducts and means whereby the latter valve is Vopened under control of the other primary controlling valve.

18. Mechanism for synchronizing the operations of moving parts, comprising, in combination, a plurality of primary controlling valves, means controlled by the moving parts for actuating said valves respectively, means for locking the primary controlling valves in open position, a releasing valve, connections between the releasing valve and the locking means whereby the latter is controlled from the former and connections between the releasing valve and the primary controlling valves, said connections including a channel open to the atmosphere and a plurality of valves in said channel controlled respectively by the primary controlling valves.

19. Mechanism for synchronizing the operations of moving parts, comprising, in combination, a pluralitiy of primary controlling valves, means controlled by the moving parts for opening said valves respectively,

means for locking the primary controlling combination, a pneumatic motor for one ot' said parts, a plurality ot primary controlling valves, a plurality of secondary controlling valves, operative connections between the primary controlling valves and the secondary `controlling valves, respectively, a

Vconduit having communication with the motor, and connections between said secondary valves and the conduit, the latter connections including a port through which the conduit is opened to the atmosphere when one of the secondary valves is opened.

21. Mechanism for synchronizing the operations of moving parts, comprising, in combination, a pneumatic motor for one of said parts, a conduit having communication with the motor, a connection for regulated wind to said conduit, a conduit for unregulated wind connections between the two conduits, a valve in said connections and means controlled by predetermined variations in the relative speeds of the parts to be synchronized for operating said valve.

22. Mechanism for synchronizing the operations of moving` parts, comprising, in combination, a pneumatic motor for one of said parts, a conduit Vhaving communication with the motor a connection for regulated wind to the conduit, agconnection for unregulated wind to the conduit, the conduit also having an atmospheric port, and means operable in accord with the parts to be synchronized for controlling said port and the connection for unregulated wind.

23. Mechanism for synchronizing the op- `V- erations of moving parts, comprising, in combination, a pneumatic motor for one of said parts, a conduit having communication with the motor, a connection for regulated wind to said conduit, said conduit being also provided with a suction duct and an atmospheric port, a. conduit for unregulated wind,

having connection with said duct, secondaryV controlling valves for controlling the suction duct and atmospheric port, respectively, primary controlling valves i'or controlling the secondary valves, respectively, and operative connections between the parts to be synehronized and the primary controlling valves for operating the latter in accord with said parts.

Mechanism for synchronizing the operations of movingparts, comprising, in combination, a pneumatic motor for one of said parts, conduit having communication with the motor, a connection for regulated wind to said conduit, said conduit being also provided with a suction duct and an atmospheric port, a conduit for unregulated wind having` connection with said duct, secondary cont-rolling valves for controlling the suction duct and atmospheric port, respectively, primary controlling valves, and connections between the primary controlling valves and the secondary valves whereby each of the secondary valves is opened when the corresponding primary valves is opened and is closed when the other primary valve is opened.

25. lilochanism for synchronizing the operation o moving parts, comprising, in combination a pneumatic motor for one of said parts, primary controlling valves, and means i'or increasing or decreasing the eiiective strength of the pneumatic Vforces exerted upon the motor according t@ which of said valves actuated Vfirst, said means including additional valves, a connection between one additional valve and a primary valve, through which said additional v alve is operated, a connection between the said additional valve and the other primary valve, the latter connection being controlled by the additional valve, and corresponding connections between the other additional valve and said primary valves. Y

2G. Mechanism `For synchronizing the operations of moving parts, comprising, in combination, a pneumatic motor for one of said parts. primary controlling` valves and their chambers, secondary controlling valves, connections between the secondary valves and the motor and connections between the primary valve chambers and the secondary valves, the' last named connections includingl additional valves, the parts of the connections between the primary valve chambers and the additional valves being so arranged that one additional valve is controlled by one ilirimary valve and controls communication of the other primary valve with one secondary valve and the other additional valve is controlled by the last mentioned primary valve and controls communication of Jthe other primary valve with the other secondaryv valve,

27. Mechanism for synchronizing the op- VArations or moving parts, comprising, in combination, a pneumatic motor for one ot said parts, means for increasing or decreasthe eiifective strength oi" the vforces eX- erted upon the motor, the said means ineluding a plurality of movable elements for controlling the increase and decrease respectively, a plurality of primary controlling valves, and `connections between said primary controliing valves and element-s respectively, each ot said connections including a plurality of additional valves, one valve in eaclrconnection serving when open to canse movement or its corresponding movable element and the other valve in each connection serving when open to cause said movable element to be locked against movement,

QS. Mechanism for synchronzing the operations of moving parts, comprising, in combination, a pneumatic motor for one of said parts, means for increasing or decreasing the effective strength of the forces eX- erted upon the motor, the said means including` a plurality of movable elements for controlling the increase and decrease respectively, a plurality of primary controlling valves, and connections between said primary controlling valves and elements respectively, each o'l said connections including a plurality oi additional valves, one falve in each connection serving when open to cause movement ot its corresponding movable element and the other valve in each connection serving when open to cause said movable element to be locked against movement, the connection also including means whereby the additional valves which perform the aforesaid locking function are controlled 'trom the primary valves.

29. Mechanism ifor synchronizing the operations oli' moving parts, comprising, in combination, a pneumatic motor tor one of said parts, means for increasing or decreasing the eiiective strength ot' thcA forces exerted upon the motor, the said means including a plurality oi secondary valves, a plurality ot movable members which control said valves, respectively, a plurality of primeiy controlling valves, and connections between said primary controlling valves and movable members respectively, each of said connections including a plurality et additional valves, one valve in eac-h connection serving when open to cause movement of its cori spending movable member and the other valve in each connection serving when open to cause said ni vable member to be locked against movement.

30, lvlechanism for synchronizing the operations ot moving parts, comprising, in combination, a motor for one ot said parts, a plurality of primary controlling valves, connections between the primary controlling valves and the motor, the said connections including movable elements and additional va ves, the said additional valves when open causing the movable elements to be locked against movement, and means under the combined control of the primary valves for opening said additional valves.

31. Mechanism for synchronizing the operations of moving parts, comprising, in combination, a pneumatic motor for one of said parts, means for increasing ork decreasing the effective strength of #the torces'eX- e'rted upon the motor, the said'means including a plurality of m-ova-ble elements for controlling lthe increase and decrease respectively, a plurality of primary controlling valves, and Connections between said primary controlling valves and elements respectively, each of said connections including a plurality of additional valves, one valve in each connection serving when open to cause movementof its corresponding movable element yand the other valve in each connection serving when open Ato cause said movable element to be locked against movement land means under the combined control of the primary valves for controlling theV additional Valves which performs the aforesaid locking function,Y

Mechanism for synchronizing the operations of moving parts, comprising in combination, a motor for one of said parts, a plurality of primary controlling valves, connections between theprimary valves and the motor, the said connections including movable elements and additional valves, the said additional valves when opened causing the movable elements to be locked against movement, Vmeans for locking the primary valves in open position, a releasing means for the locking means, means for controlling the releasing means from the primary valves and a connection between the releasing means and the additional valves whereby said additional valves are opened when the releasing means is actu-ated.

33. Mechanism for synchronizing the operations of moving parts, comprising, in combination, a motor lfor one of said parts, a plurality ot primary controlling valves, means for opening the primary controlling valves .severally under control of said mo-ving parts respectively, connections between the primary controlling valves and the motor, means for locking the valves in openV position, a releasing means for.v said locking means, and means whereby the releasing means are controlled by the combined action of the primary controlling valves,

34. Mechanism for synchronizing the operations of moving parts, comprising, in combination, a motor for one of said parts, a plurality of primary controlling valves,

means for opening the primary controlling Y valves severally under control of said moving parts respectively, connections between the primary controlling valves and the motor, means for locking `the valves in open position, releasing means for said locking means, locking means for the releasing means and releasing means for the last named locking means all cont-rolled by the primary controlling valves.

35. Mechanism for synchronizing the operations of moving parts, comprising, in combination, amotor for one of the parts, means through which power is communicated fto said motor, lprimary controlling elements operatively rel-ated with the moving parts respectively, electric` circuits periodically closed by said primary controlling elements respectively, and means for increasingor decreasing on the vmotor the strength of the power Vcommunieated to said motor, according to whether the one or the other orf said circuits is first completed.

36. Mechanism for isynchronizing the operations Voi' moving parts, comprising, in combination, a pneumatic motor for one of said parts, primary controlling valves for Controlling the pneumatic forces to the motor and means for electrically controlling the operations ot lsaid valves, said means including' electric circuits, means for closing each oit said circuits in a timed rolationship with the movements of themoving parts, means controlled by the circuits for operating the primary controlling valves respectively, and means whereby the primary controlling valves e'ect an increase or decreaseoiL the effective strength of the pneumatic forces exerted upon said motor, according to which of the valves is first operated.

37. Mechanism for synchronizing the operations of moving parts, comprising, in combination,` a lmotor for one et the parts to be synchronized, a plurality of controlling valves, means between said valves and said motor for varying Vthe relative speed of said parts under `control of said valves, said last named means including means whereby when one of said valves is opened itrperforms its function and when the other of said valves is opened the effect of the lirst named valve upon the motor ceases, movingV the valves and the motor operable to in` crease and decrease the speed of the motor under control of said valves respectively, and means for operating said valves in accord Vwith the movements of the moving pr-rtsV respectively,V thersaid means including ducts, connections between the ducts and the valves, electric circuits, primary controlling elements for controlling the circuits, 'and means in said circuits for controlling said ducts.

89. Mechanismz for synchronizing the operations of moving parts, comprising, in combination, a pneumatic motoi lfor one et' the parts, a plurality of primary valves hav' ig connection with the motor and controlling the speed thereof, and means for operating said valves under control of the parts to be synchronized, said means including electric circuit-s, a primary controlling element movable in accord with one of said parts for closing one of the circuits, a primary cont-rolling` element movable in accord with the other of said parts, and pneumatically operable means for closing the other circuit under control of the last named controlling element.

elO. Mechanism for synchronizingthe operations of moving parts, comprising, in combination, a motor for one ot' said parts, a plurality of periodically actuated primary controlling valves, operative connections between the primary controlling valves and the motor, primary controlling elements operatively related with the moving parts, respectively, electric circuits periodically closed by said primary controlling` elements, respectively, means in said circuits for opening the primary controlling valves, respec' tively', means for locking the valves in open position, and means operable to release the valves when both of said circuits have been closed.

Lifi. Mechanism for synchronizing the operations of moving parts, comprising` in combination, a pneumatic motor for one of said parts, a plurality of primary controlling` valves means between the primary controlling valves and the motor for increasing and decreasing the elective strength of the pneumatic forces exerted upon the motor under control of said valves`I electric circuits, means for controlling the circuits in accord with the movements of said moving parts respectively, means controlled by said circuits for opening the valves respectively, means for locking the valves in open position and means for releasing the valves.

Mechanism `for synchronizing` the operations of moving parts, comprising., in combination, a pneumatic motor for one ot said parts, a plurality of primary controlling valves, means between the primary controlling valves and the motor tor increasing er decreasing the effective strength ci' the pneumatic forces exerted upon the motor according to whether the one or the other ot said valves is actuated first, electric circuits, means for controlling the circuits in accord with the movements ot said moving parts, respectively, means controlled by said circuits for opening the valves respectively,

means 'for pneumatically locking the valves in open position. and means 'for releasing both valves upon the opening ot the one last opened.

e5. lvlechanism for synchronizing the operations of moving parts, comprisine', in combination, a plurality of primary controlling valves, operative connections between said valves and the moving parts respectively, whereby the valves are opened in accord with the movements or' said parts, means for varying the relative speeds of the parts under control ot' said valves, means for locking the valves in open position, a releasing means for said valves, a. locking means r'or the releasing` means, means including an electric circuit for releasing the last named locking means and means whereby said circuit is controlled from the primary valves.

la. Mechanism i'or synchronizing the operations of moving parts, comprising, in combination, a plurality of primary controlling valves, operative connections between said valves and the moving parts, respectively, whcreby the valves are opened in accord with the movements of said parts, means for varying the relative speeds of the parts under control of said valves, means for locking the valves in open position, a releas.

ing means for said valves, a locking mea-ns for the releasing means, and a releasing means for the last named locking means, including an electric circuit and means whereby the latter circuit is interrupted when either primary valve is open.

l/iechanism tor synchronizing the operations of moving parts, comprising, in combination, a plurality of primary controlling valves, operative connection between said valves and the moving parts, respectively, whereby the valves are opened in accord with the -movements of said parts, means for varying'the relative speeds of the parts under control of said valves, means for pneumatically locking the valves in open position, a releasing valve, connections between the releasing` valve and the locking means, connections between the releasing valves and the primary controlling valves whereby the releasing valve is controlled by the latter, a locking means for the releasing valve and a releasing means ior the last named locking means including a valve, an electric circuit for controlling the operation of the latter valve and means whereby said circuit is controlled from the primary controlling valves.

a6. Mechanism for synchonizing the operations of moving parts, comprising, in combination, a plurality of primary controlling valves, means between the primary controlling valves and the motor for varying the relative speeds of the parts under control of the primary controllinoi valves, electric circuits, means for contro ling the operation ofV the latter valve and means whereby theY latter circuit in interrupted when either primary controlling valve is o en. Y f

p47. Mechanism for synchronizing the operations of moving parts, comprising, in combination, a motor for one of said parts, a plurality of primary controlling" valves, a secondary controlling valve having connection with the motor, means connecting both primary valves with the secondary valve,V

said means including an electric circuit, and means whereby the .circuit is closed under control of one primary valve and opened under control of the other primary valve.

48.V Mechanism for synchronizing the operations of moving parts, comprising, in combination, a motor for one vof said parts, a plurality of primary controlling valves, a

Vplurality of seconda-ry` controlling valves having connection with the motor, and co-nnections including electric circuits between the primary controlling valves and the secondary valves, respectively, throughwhich Vthe secondary valves are opened when the corresponding primary valves are opened, said connections including means whereby the secondlopened primaryvalves closes the secondary valve whichwas opened by the irst opened primary valve. 4

49. Mechanism for synchronizingthe operations of moving parts, comprising, in combination, a motor forone of said parts, primary controllingV valves, Vsecondary controlling valves, electric circuits, means controlled by the moving parts for controlling said circuits respectively,means controlled by the circuits for' opening the primary valves, respectively, other circuits, means controlled by the latter circuits for opening the secondary valves respectively,and means for making 'and breaking thelatter circuits under control of the respective primary valves. y

Y v50. Mechanism for synchronizing the operations of moving parts, comprising, in combination, arpneumatic motor for one of said parts, primary controlling valves, vsecondary controlling valves, electric circuits, means controlled by the moving parts Vfor controlling said circuits,respectively, means Y controlled by the circuits for opening the primary valves, respectivelyother circuits, means controlled by the latter circuits for opening the secondary valves respectively, and means for pneumatically making and breaking 'the latter circuits under control of the respective primary valves.

571.- Mechanism `for synchronizing the operations of moving parts, comprising, in combination, a pneumatic motor for one or said parts, a pair of secondary valves for controlling the Veffective strength of the pneumatic forces exerted upon the motor, electricalcontrolling means for the secondary valves, a pair of primary controlling valves' actuated periodically under the control of the moving parts, means for energizing the electrical controlling means of one of the secondary valves when one of the primary controlling valves is opened and means for deenergizing said electrical controlling means when the other of said pri mary controlling valves is opened.V

52. Mechanism for synchronizing the operations orp moving parts, comprising, in

combination, a pneumatic motor for one of said parts, a pair of secondary valves for controlling the effective strength of the pneumatic forces exerted upon the motor, electrical controlling means for the secondary valves, a pair of primary controlling valves-actuated periodically under the control of the moving parts, means for energizing the electrical controlling means of one of the secondary valves when one of the primary controlling valves is opened and means for deenergizing said electrical controlling means when the other of said primary controlling valves is opened, and means for denergizing the electrical controlling means of the other of said secondary valves during the movement of its corresponding primary valve if said primary valve is the last opened. Y

53. Mechanism for synchronizing the operations of moving parts, comprising, in combination, a pneumatic motor for one of said parts, a conduit for regulated wind having connection with the motor, a suction yduct and an atmospheric port connected to said conduit, a plurality of primary valves, means including electricV circuits for opening-said valves severally and periodically under coniio trol of the parts to be synchronized respectively, and means through which the primary valves respectively control said duct and port.

54. Mechanism for synchronizing the operations of moving parts, comprising, in combination, a pneumatic motor for one of said parts, a conduit for regulated wind having connection with tliemotor, a suction duct and an atmospheric port connected to said conduit, a plurality vof primary valves, means including electric circuits for opening said vizo valves severally and periodically under control of the `parts to be synchronized respectively, secondary valves operatively related to said duct and port for Controlling the same respectively and means for connecting the primary valves with the secondary valves respectively.

55. lslechanism for synchronizing the operations of moving parts, comprising, in combination, a pneumatic mot-or for one of said parts, a conduit tor regulated wind having connection with the motor, a suction duct and an atmospheric port connected to said conduit. secondary controlling valves for controlling said duct and port respectively, electrical controlling means for the secondary valves, circuits in which said electrical controlling means are included, circuit making and breaking elements in said circuits, a pair of primary controlling valves controlling the circuit making and breaking elements and means for actuating the primary controlling valves under the control of the parts to be synchronized.

56. Mechanism for synchronizing the operations of moving parts, comprising, in combination, a motor for one of said parts, a plurality of primary controlling valves, connections between the primary controlling valves and the motor for increasing or decreasing the e'ective strength of the forces exerted upon the motor, said connections including electric circuits, a circuit making and breaking element in each of the circuits and a movable member controlling the passage of air to each circuit making and breaking element, said connections further including additional valves which when opened cause the said movable members to be locked against movement.

57. Mechanism for synchronizing the operations of moving parts, comprising, in combination, a motor for one of said parts, a plurality of primary controlling valves, connections between the primary controlling valves and the motor for increasing or decreasing the effective strength of the forces exerted upon the motor, each of said connections including an electric circuit, a pneumatically operable circuit making and breaking element in said circuit, a movable inember for controlling the passage of air to said circuit making and breaking element, a duct having connection with said member, an additional valve and means whereby when said valve is open said movable member is locked against movement.

58V. Mechanism for synchronizing the operations of moving parts, comprising, in combination, a motor Jfor one of said parts, a plurality of-primary controlling valves, connections beta-reen the primary controlling valves and the motor-'for increasing or decreasing the etfective strength of the forces exerted upon the motor, each of said connections including an electric circuit, a pneumatically operable circuit making and breaking element in each circuit, a. movable member for controlling the passage of air to each circuit making and breaking element, and ducts having connections with said members and with the primary controlling valves whereby one or the other of said circuits is completed according to which of the primary valves is actuated first.

59. Mechanism for synchronizing the operations of moving parts, comprising, in combination, a motor for one of said parts, primary controlling valves andconnections between the primary controlling valves and motor, said connections including secondary controlling elements, additional valves, a connection between one additional valve and a primary valve through which said additional valve is operated, a connection between the said additional valve and the other primary valve, the latter connection being controlled by the additional valve, corresponding connections between the other additional valves and primary valves, electrical circuits for controlling the secondary controlling elements, respectively, said circuits including make and break elements, and means controlled by the additional valves for controlling said make and break elements,V respectively. i

60. Mechanism for synchronizing the operations of moving parts, comprising, in combination, a motor for one of saidparts, primary controlling valves and connections between the primary controlling valves andmotor, said connections including secondary controlling elements,pneum atically operable additional valves, a connection between one additional valve and a primary valve through which said additional valve is operated, a connection between the said additional valve and the other primary valve, the latter connection being controlled by the additional valve, corresponding connections between the other additional valve and the primary valves, electrical circuits for controlling the secondary controlling elements, respectively, pneumati'cally operable make and break elements controlling said circuits, and pneumatic ducts controlled by the additional valves and controlling said make and break elements.

61. Mechanism for synchronizing the operations oi' moving parts, comprising, in combination, a motor for one of said. parts, primary controlling valves, and Connections between the primary controlling valves andV the motor, said connections including secondary controlling elements, a plurality of members, each having a plurality of passages tor air of diierent pressures'and a port connecting its passages and movable means operable to control communication between the said port and passageaV a con' 

